To clarify, when you're creating any product, think in percentages, not grams or volume. When making any product, you'll want the total ingredient list to come to 100% (mine vary because I'm thinking about other preservatives you might want to use, but 100% is the ideal). If you look at the recipes on this blog or in the e-books, any recipe from our suppliers, or any recipe on a forum, it should total 100%. This is because doing it in percentages makes it easier to see if we have our ingredients in the right amounts, switch ingredients for others, and change our phase amounts. Plus most of our ingredients come with the suggestion to use them at some% to another%, so there's no down side to thinking in percentages.
So when I'm talking about increasing the oil phase or decreasing the water phase, I'm talking about the percentages those phases make up in the lotion. If we have a 69.5% water phase and a 29% oil phase, but want to increase the oil amount to 40%, we'll have to decrease our water phase by 11% to keep that 100% total at the end.
Percentages make life easier when you're formulating. Let's say you have a recipe and want 250 grams of it. Then multiply all the numbers by 2.5 to get your new amounts. If you want to make a 1000 gram batch of lotion, then multiply all the numbers by 10. If you want a 50 gram batch, divide all the numbers in half (not so useful for lotions, but great for lip balms or lotion bars).
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